Determining when to use Suboxone involves assessing the severity of opioid dependence, previous treatment experiences, and individual health conditions. Typically prescribed for moderate to severe opioid dependence, Suboxone therapy is often recommended for individuals who have struggled with addiction despite previous attempts at quitting.
It may be suitable for those with medical conditions complicating traditional detox methods, offering outpatient treatment flexibility. Successful Suboxone treatment requires a commitment to comprehensive addiction care, including counseling and therapy, while healthcare providers ensure safety and monitor progress throughout the treatment process.
Suboxone Can Save Lives, But Is It Right for Me or My Loved One?
Opioid use disorder (OUD) and death rates from opioid-related overdoses have increased sharply across the U.S. Unfortunately, the way these drugs are manufactured and the way they interact with the brain’s receptors make them especially dangerous and highly addictive. (1)
People who are addicted to these drugs are at high risk of overdosing on them for several reasons. On the black market, heroin is sometimes mixed with powerful fentanyl, a drug that is 100 times stronger than morphine and almost 50 times stronger than heroin. (1)
The body builds a tolerance to opioid drugs quickly. Even after the first dose of an opioid, a user can build a tolerance to the drug. The reverse is also true. Once someone stops using opioids, their body quickly loses its tolerance to the substance. (2)
People who have achieved sobriety from opioids and then relapse may accidentally overdose on the same amount of the drug that they took to get high at the peak of their addiction. This is because their body is not used to metabolizing a substantial dose of the drug anymore.
Opioid addiction recovery is also marked by intense, intermittent cravings to reuse heroin or prescription opioids. This opioid dependence makes recovering addicts especially vulnerable to relapse and accidental overdose.
Since the early 2000s, pharmaceutical companies have launched a group of medications that are specifically designed to combat cravings, decrease the effects of opioid withdrawal symptoms, and prevent someone from relapsing and overdosing on the drugs. Suboxone is one of these prescription drugs known as opioid replacement therapies. (3)
What Is Suboxone, and When Is It Used?
Suboxone is a partial opioid agonist drug. It is the brand name of the drugs buprenorphine and naloxone. Buprenorphine is a mild narcotic painkiller. (4)
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that binds to the brain’s opioid receptors and can block the effects of different types of opioids, such as:
- Heroin
- Morphine
- Oxycodone (5)
Naloxone doesn’t stop substance abuse originating from anything other than opioids (alcohol, cocaine, benzos). Suboxone has two forms: sublingual film (strips the patient dissolves under their tongue) and tablets.
Doctors prescribe a dose of Suboxone on a strict, tapering-off schedule. Suboxone is not intended to be used long-term and must only be taken on medical advice. Unfortunately, Suboxone can be abused, and people who abuse the medication can become addicted to Suboxone.
However, suboxone overdose is difficult. When people overdose on Suboxone, it is almost always because they are mixing it with sedatives such as benzodiazepines, medicines that also slow breathing. (6)
Typical side effects of suboxone include:
- Constipation
- Muscle aches
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision (7)
Before treatment initiation, consideration should be given to the type of opioid dependence (i.e. long-acting opioid or short-acting opioid), the time since the last opioid use, and the degree of opioid dependence.
What Is the History of Suboxone?
Suboxone was initially used in the U.K. in the 1980s as a mild narcotic painkiller. In 2002, the FDA approved it for use in the U.S. as an alternative to Buprenorphine/Naltrexone (2). Suboxone has been used for almost 20 years to help people recover from opioid addiction and maintain sobriety. (8)
When used correctly, this drug use does not give the user a euphoric high, and using the medication appropriately will not make someone addicted. The buprenorphine/Naloxone combination is typically more effective for medication-assisted treatment than buprenorphine/naltrexone since it has a lower risk profile and is effective for relieving cravings and withdrawal symptoms. (9)
The first Suboxone-based treatment program was launched in 2003 in the U.S., and the program saw success rates of 88%. (4)
How Do People Get Suboxone?
Suboxone is highly regulated in the U.S. Only trained medical professionals can prescribe Suboxone to patients in recovery. Patients typically obtain Suboxone through a healthcare provider that specializes in opioid addiction recovery. (10) Patients will also be required to check in with their doctor at regular intervals while undergoing Suboxone therapy.
Suboxone comes in several forms, but most patients will use either a prescription tablet or a film strip that is placed under the tongue until it dissolves. Dosing requirements are strict, and directions are very specific. When using a Suboxone film, patients must wait until the strip completely dissolves or it will not work as intended. (11)
When it comes to using Suboxone for opioid addiction, the purpose of the treatment is to wean the patient off Suboxone gradually. Suboxone is typically a part of a broader treatment plan that may include a combination of inpatient or outpatient rehab, behavioral therapy, and group therapy. (11)
It’s not recommended that patients use Suboxone as their only tool for treating addiction, since the medication is used to complement more robust and detailed recovery plans and is only intended for short-term use.
Why Would Someone Take Suboxone?
Suboxone is incredibly effective for helping patients deal with the withdrawal syndrome phase of the addiction recovery process. Opioid withdrawals can last for weeks and months after initial substance use cessation.
During the withdrawal process, patients will experience a combination of depression, goosebumps, anxiety, and intense cravings to use opioids again. Relapse can be especially deadly in opioid addiction. (11)
During the early phase of addiction recovery, the goal is to help the patient safely detox from opioids and get through the withdrawal phase without relapsing. If a patient who is taking Suboxone does relapse, Suboxone helps prevent an overdose.
Pregnant women who are addicted to opioids can also benefit from Suboxone treatment. It is not recommended to detox a pregnant woman. Suboxone therapy can help pregnant women maintain regular levels of opiates in the bloodstream, preventing harm to the fetus and assisting the mother in avoiding drug cravings. (12)
Once a patient detoxes and withdraws from opioids safely, doctors will begin to wean the patient off Suboxone. Most patients who are prescribed Suboxone will use the medication for six months. Some patients may need to take Suboxone for up to a year.
Signs Of Suboxone Addiction
Identifying signs of Suboxone addiction is crucial for timely intervention and support. While Suboxone is used to treat opioid dependence, misuse or addiction can still occur.
Common signs of Suboxone addiction include: (13)
- Increased Tolerance: Individuals may require higher doses of Suboxone to achieve the desired effects over time, indicating tolerance development.
- Obsessive Thoughts: Preoccupation with obtaining and using Suboxone, leading to persistent thoughts about the medication and its effects.
- Social Withdrawal: Withdrawal from social activities or relationships as a result of prioritizing Suboxone use over personal interactions.
- Neglect of Responsibilities: Neglecting important obligations such as work, school, or family responsibilities due to Suboxone use.
- Continued Use Despite Consequences: Despite experiencing negative consequences such as financial problems or health issues, individuals may persist in using Suboxone.
- Withdrawal Symptoms: Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when attempting to reduce or stop Suboxone use, indicating physical dependence.
- Doctor Shopping: Seeking multiple healthcare providers to obtain additional Suboxone prescriptions beyond what is medically necessary.
- Mood Changes: Fluctuations in mood, including irritability, anxiety, or depression, particularly when unable to access Suboxone.
- Drug-Seeking Behavior: Engaging in deceptive or manipulative behavior to acquire Suboxone, such as falsifying symptoms or exaggerating pain.
Recognizing these signs can prompt individuals and their loved ones to seek professional help and support for Suboxone addiction. (13) Early intervention can facilitate effective treatment and improve the chances of successful recovery.
The Types Of Treatment Options Available For A Suboxone Addiction
Addressing a Suboxone addiction often requires a multifaceted approach tailored to individual needs and circumstances.
Several treatment options are available to support individuals on their journey to recovery:
- Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT): MAT involves the use of medications, such as buprenorphine or methadone, to manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings associated with Suboxone addiction. (14) These medications can help stabilize individuals and reduce the risk of relapse while they engage in therapy and counseling.
- Behavioral Therapy: Behavioral therapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and contingency management, focuses on identifying and modifying maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors associated with addiction. (15) Therapy sessions aim to enhance coping skills, improve decision-making abilities, and address underlying psychological factors contributing to substance use.
- Support Groups: Participation in support groups, such as Narcotics Anonymous (NA) or SMART Recovery, provides individuals with a supportive network of peers who understand their struggles and offer encouragement and accountability. (16) These groups offer a safe space for sharing experiences, seeking advice, and building social connections.
- Individual Counseling: One-on-one counseling sessions with a qualified therapist or addiction counselor allow individuals to explore personal issues, set goals for recovery, and develop coping strategies tailored to their specific needs. Counseling sessions provide a confidential and non-judgmental environment for discussing concerns and receiving guidance.
- Dual Diagnosis Treatment: Many individuals with Suboxone addiction may also experience co-occurring mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (17) Dual diagnosis treatment addresses both substance use and mental health issues simultaneously to ensure comprehensive care and improved treatment outcomes. (17) (18)
- Family Therapy: Involving family members in the treatment process can be beneficial for addressing dysfunctional family dynamics, improving communication, and rebuilding relationships strained by addiction. Family therapy sessions aim to educate loved ones about addiction, enhance their support skills, and foster a supportive and nurturing home environment conducive to recovery.
- Holistic Therapies: Holistic approaches, including mindfulness meditation, yoga, acupuncture, and art therapy, complement traditional treatment modalities by promoting relaxation, stress reduction, and overall well-being. These therapies address the mind, body, and spirit, offering individuals additional tools for managing cravings and maintaining sobriety.
By combining these various treatment options in a personalized treatment plan, individuals can address the complex nature of Suboxone addiction and work towards achieving sustainable recovery and improved quality of life.
Seeking Assistance For Your Suboxone Addiction
If you or someone you know is struggling with Suboxone addiction, it’s crucial to seek help promptly. Professional assistance is available to address the underlying issues contributing to addiction and guide individuals toward recovery.
By reaching out to healthcare providers, addiction specialists, or support groups, individuals can access the resources and support needed to overcome Suboxone addiction and regain control of their lives. As a disclaimer, you are not alone, and help is available to support you on your journey toward recovery.
Our admissions counselors will guide you or your loved one through the admissions process and treatment options. Assessments are always free and 100% confidential.
If you or someone you love is addicted to opioids, it’s never too late to achieve sobriety. The drug abuse counselors at Zinnia Health are standing by to answer your questions about opioid addiction treatment. Please contact Zinnia Health at (855) 430-9439 today to explore your treatment options.
Citations
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470415/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2628209/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2874458/
- https://www.samhsa.gov/medications-substance-use-disorders/medications-counseling-related-conditions/buprenorphine
- https://www.samhsa.gov/medications-substance-use-disorders/medications-counseling-related-conditions/naloxone
- https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/5-myths-about-using-suboxone-to-treat-opiate-addiction-2018032014496
- https://www.gratitudelodge.com/suboxone-side-effects/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3202507/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541393/
- https://www.bicyclehealth.com/suboxone-faq/prescribing-requirements
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553166/
- https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/buprenorphine-treatment-pregnancy-less-distress-babies
- https://americanaddictioncenters.org/suboxone/addictive
- https://www.fda.gov/drugs/information-drug-class/information-about-medication-assisted-treatment-mat
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2897895/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5047716/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK571451/
- https://www.samhsa.gov/mental-health/mental-health-substance-use-co-occurring-disorders
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